Hamlet Act 3 †the Dumb Show Free Essays

The Dumb Show As Claudius requests the ‘light’, he needs genuine light. The light likewise implies the demonstration of requesting absolution. Individuals who are of a similar position or are alright with one another address each other is professionals. We will compose a custom article test on Hamlet Act 3 †the Dumb Show or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Hamlet addressing the players, he talks down to them in stanza. For the play inside a play, Shakespeare utilizes rhymed stanza to hoist the language. This was done on the grounds that Claudius was of a higher status and this raises the seriousness of the wrongdoing. Hamlet is utilizing the language to recognize the’ criminals’, through the language. Clear refrain †an official event or addressing somebody more seasoned (like verse), like Hamlet and his Mother. Hamlet reveals to Horatio that he appreciates his feeling of devotion, character and earnestness. In the Excerpt: Identify 3 illustrations, how the subject of appearance versus the truth is uncovered In what ways is Horatio like villa? In what ways would he say he is a foil? Is Horatio extra in the plays plot improvement? Is act 3 the peak? No, I do accept this was the peak. I accept I Is it apparent that demonstration 3 may be the peak of this play? This is on the grounds that now we find who Hamlet really was. He isn't the perfect legend we really see him to be. His homicide of Polonius was equivalent to the homicide of King Hamlet. In the two cases, there are youngsters who lost their lives. Despite the fact that Claudius’s murder was pre-ruminated, murder is still homicide. Despite the fact that Hamlet did this without arranging, the way that he had the option to end an actual existence so suddenly shows that he isn't basically the ‘hero’ inside the play. Chronological error †When something doesn’t fit the setting of the play. For instance Hamlet’s school didn’t exist in the time in which Shakespeare composed the play. The repetitive theme is son’s avenging their dads. (Old Norway and Young Hamlet) Now Hamlet murders Polonius who has a child. Laertes After getting proof that Claudius is really coerce, he feels that he would now be able to slaughter Claudius. That is the reason he murders Polonius without affirming why it was. (Found that it was Claudius stowing away) The most effective method to refer to Hamlet Act 3 †the Dumb Show, Essay models

Burmese Days: an Example of Imperialism

Burmese Days: An Example of Imperialism Nineteenth century industrialization carried new wealth and influence to Western Europe, driving the development of chances and the structure of domains in lacking regions. In spite of the fact that the created nations carried numerous cutting edge advancements to immature countries, they additionally brought wild bigotry and European self-importance. Burmese Days by George Orwell was written in 1834 as a mocking perspective on English magnificent life in Burma. Orwell gives a reasonable perception of the egotism the English showed towards the locals and how they advocated their activities. Europeans carried numerous new innovations to the nations that they imperialized. They assembled railways and different sorts of foundation, and they got new innovation weaponry and assembling. Notwithstanding, it appears that their extraordinary haughtiness had the most effect on the local individuals. Cecil Rhoads embodies the disposition of all Europeans when he says â€Å"I battle that we are the best race on the planet and that the a greater amount of the world we possess the better it is† (Hunt et al 802). In spite of the fact that Orwell’s characters in Burmese Days are English, the demeanor was not elite to the English. Chase et al examines how King Leopold of Belgium asserted the Congo area of focal Africa â€Å"inflicting on nearby Africans unmatched demonstrations of cruelty† (801). The way that the Europeans figured themselves better than every single other race appears to give them authorization to treat the local individuals in any way they pick. Ellis is a case of an extraordinary bigot in Orwell’s work. Ellis is an individual from the European Club, a chief at the timber organization, and is the most blunt and clearly bigot character in the novel. He heaves forward a denunciation of foul language and verbally abusing coordinated towards the Burmese individuals at each chance. Nobody can prevail upon him or change his mentality, as he is totally oblivious in regards to any charming characteristics of the local individuals. He is angry of Flory, the hero, who has a fondness for the Burmese and who thinks about Burma his home. Despite the fact that Flory has an affection towards the Burmese individuals, he despite everything views himself as better than them which is particularly shown through his collaborations his Mistress, Ma Hla May. On the day he meets Elizabeth, when Ma Hla May shows up he advises her â€Å"Go away right now. On the off chance that you raise any hell I will a short time later take a bamboo and beat you till not one of your ribs is whole† (Orwell 87). It is far fetched that he would help through with the beating, however the danger exhibits his sentiment of prevalence. The mentalities of the English aren't right, yet maybe justifiable. They expect that on the grounds that the Burmese are not instructed in a similar way as the English, they are not as shrewd. Since the nation isn't industrialized they have no desire. Since they are unassuming and don't battle the English (who have weapons), they have given up to their common spot in the public eye. Since their skin is earthy colored rather than white, they are not excellent. One must question how history would change if the Europeans of the nineteenth century and all individuals up to today would decide to learn and comprehend the way of life of others instead of pass decisions and make presumptions. Similarly as battles between the upper and lower class were conceived from an absence of comprehension for the different man’s condition in the beginning of industrialization, the equivalent is valid for the hours of colonialism. The English in Burmese Days have assumed responsibility for the region with no thought to the predicament of the local individuals. They are more grounded and in their own reality they are more intelligent. The solid command the feeble, and the powerless must choose the option to submit. One can be cheerful that solid social orders will become familiar with the prizes of building others up through instruction and sharing instead of tearing others down through predominance and segregation. At long last, Burmese Days is a tragic story. The hero, John Flory ends it all over the loss of the lady he cherishes. In any case, the saddest piece of the story is that the English never truly find the blunder of their boss disposition. In spite of the fact that these are anecdotal characters, unmistakably they will experience existence with their grandiose mentalities, and will never comprehend what the Burmese can instruct them. They have persuaded themselves so completely that their activities are advocated; there is no expectation for change for them, yet there is still trust in us. Work Cited Hunt, Lynn et al. The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Boston. Bedford/St. Martin’s. 2007. Orwell, George. Burmese Days. New York. Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc. 1950.

Ethnicity Essay with Examples Perfect Free Sample

Ethnicity Essay with Examples Perfect Free Sample Have you ever asked yourself what are the defining characteristics of being white or black in America today? Is it solely a matter of skin color? Are other factors as important or even more important? What makes someone Hispanic or Latino. Is it language? Country of origin? Cultural traditions? The answers to these questions probably are not entirely clear to you nor are they to most of the people. It addition, the answers very likely will differ depending on the region the person is asked. The question of ethnicity and ethnic group is a complex one. Similary to the topics such as nationality versus race, culture versus society, nowadays, gender, ethnicity, and race questions often overlap so it is very hard to distinct between those terms. Moreover, such misinterpretation and misleading understanding have the most far ranging impacts on us as individuals. All in all, the way we assign group identity to others is not always straight forward. That is why we decided to provide as much information on this matter in this article as we can. To start from the beginning, let’s make it clear and answer on the question of what the ethnicity is. What is ethnicity? The fourth edition of the American Heritage College Dictionary defines “ethnicity” as one’s “ethnic character, background or affiliation.” Given that brief definition, it’s important to examine how the dictionary defines the root word of ethnicityâ€"“ethnic.” American Heritage provides a much more detailed definition of “ethnic,” allowing readers to better understand the concept of ethnicity. The word “ethnic” characterizes a “sizable group of people sharing a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic or cultural heritage.” Ethnic Identity The question of ethnic identity (to be more precise the way to distinct ethnic and cultural groups) was recorded by Herodotus 2500 years ago. Ethnic identification describes the relationship that exists between an individual and a group with whom the individual believes he or she has common ancestry based on shared individual characteristics, shared sociocultural experiences, or both. Thus, there are individual, family or group levels of ethnic identity classification. Characteristics of Ethnic Groups An ethnic group is often a distinct category of the population in a larger society with a (generally) different culture. Many factors characterize ethnic groups. First, they usually control a territory, tightly knit community or network, within which their offspring may perpetuate their heritage. Thus, the ethnicity examples could be here as following: The French in Québec retain control of the provincial territory; The Hutterites are a rural segregated ethnic community; Indian reserve are communities segregated by the state within which various ethnic groups may exist. Second, ethnic institutions often generate forces of attraction. A minority can develop its own social system with control over its own institutions. As for an ethnicity examples we can refer to that fact that French and Jews frequently maintain a comprehensive set of religious, educational and welfare institutions. Third, individuals need to identify clearly with the heritage and culture of the group, perhaps through language, endogamy, choice of friends, religion, parochial schools, voluntary organizations, etc. For example, people of the Jewish faith have ritualized their history and their youth are exposed to its symbols, eg, special days, fasting, food habits, etc. Fourth, a political or religious ideology that promotes values considered more important than cultural and institutional ones may give ethnic youth purpose and impetus. Fifth, individuals with a sense of mission often use sociopsychological means to adapt an ideology to a current situation, linking it symbolically with the past. However, the question of ethnic group is misinterpreted in some cases and this term is often understood as a synonym to race and nationality. To make it clear, here is the explanation of how those three terms can be distinguished. According to sociologist Robert Wonser, “Sociologists see race and ethnicity as social constructions because they are not rooted in biological differences, they change over time, and they never have firm boundaries.” And it is very true. We have enough of examples where social construction of race is also reflected in the way that names for racial categories change with changing times. What is race and how to define it? Historically, the concept of race has changed across cultures and eras, eventually becoming less connected with ancestral and familial ties, and more concerned with superficial physical characteristics. In the past, theorists have posited categories of race based on various geographic regions, ethnicities, skin colours, and more. Their labels for racial groups have connoted regions (Mongolia and the Caucus Mountains, for instance) or denoted skin tones (black, white, yellow, and red, for example). Within time, this typology of race developed during early racial science has fallen into disuse, and the social construction of race or racialization is a far more common way of understanding racial categories. Nationality versus Ethnicity Another sophisticated topic is connected with ethnicity and nationality concepts. These two terms, are quite commonly misconstrued by people and so, are used interchangeably. But there is a thin line of difference between nationality and ethnicity. In 90% of the cases nationality refers to the place where the person was born and/or holds citizenship. For example: Indian, American, British, Canadian, South African, Mexican, etc. In other words, nationality connotes membership of a person, in the country, describing his/her connection with the political state and it also means that a person has the protection of the state where he or she was born. However, quite often nationality can be determined by place of residence, ethnicity, or national identity. For example, if a person was born in Country A but immigrated to Country B while still a toddler (yes, with their family), he or she might identify more with the Country B nationality, having been raised there. Another point regarding nationality is that there are some nations that don’t have a state, or international recognition as such, yet people may still point at it as the source of their nationality, such as the Palestinians, the Kurds, and the Tamils. To sum up, you might have gained ample knowledge about ethnicity, race and nationality from the points mentioned above. These three terms have a great role to play in identity formation and development. Don’t fall into the concept of culture of prejudice where people are subject to stereotypes. Read more on the topic and know the difference.

The Theory Of Mind A Research Study Into Autism Spectrum...

People understand each other using cognitive skills, such as mindreading. Mindreading abilities also referred to as the theory of mind (ToM) is acknowledging that other people have mental states, such as understanding that others have desires, motives, beliefs and intentions (Hewson, 2015a). For most people this is generally an essential, undemanding skill for social interaction. Thereby, this essay will evaluate how psychology has helped to explain how people understand each other by firstly, explaining how different aspects of ToM have been studied in children. Additionally, adult mindreading will be evaluated to appreciate how people interpret other people’s behaviour. Subsequently, mindreading difficulties will be examined by exploring research into Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), indicating a link between deficits in ToM and cognitive empathy. Finally, relationship conflict will be discussed showing the cognitive processes, people use in these circumstances, which create mindreading difficulties in people who do not generally have a problem with it. An aspect of ToM is false belief. A false belief is the understanding that other people will have different beliefs to one’s own. Studies have shown that false belief develops throughout childhood. The Sally-Anne task (Hewson, 2015c) seeks to discover how false belief progresses in children. Briefly, the experimenter shows a child two puppets, Sally and Anne. Sally places a marble into a basket and leaves the room. AnneShow MoreRelatedThe Characteristics Of Autism Spectrum Disorders ( Asd )949 Words   |  4 Pages 1. What are the characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? As described in the textbook, there is a broad range of characteristics associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). One of the first characteristics noted with ASD is language deficits, or using language in â€Å"odd† ways. As stated in the textbook, â€Å"Children with classic autism may be nonverbal. Alternatively, they may have significant language difficulties, so that their language may consist primarily of echolalia or delayedRead MoreLanguage Delays And Autism Spectrum Disorder1632 Words   |  7 Pages Language Delays in Autism Spectrum Disorder Bethany Perez Colorado State University Autism spectrum disorder is caused by abnormalities in the brain. Many children that qualify under the autism spectrum disorder, often experience developmental delays in three areas of development. Socially/emotionally, as well as cognitively, children with ASD are unable to progress at a normal rate of development compared to their peers. The level of communication due to language delays can be severelyRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1285 Words   |  6 PagesIntroductions: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined as a lifelong developmental condition that affects, among other things, the way an individual relates to his or environment and their interaction with other people. The word ‘spectrum’ is the description of a range of difficulties that people with autism may experience and the degree to which they may be affected. Not everyone with autism have an accompanying learning disability and require continued specialist support because some people withRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Genetics1437 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder and Genetics ASD stands for Autism Spectrum Disorder and since the early 1900’s; it has been a mystery to many researchers and psychologists. Autism is usually noticed in the first three years of life but there are many theories on which it comes about. Before the 1940s, children who showed signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder were labeled schizophrenic, emotionally disturbed, and psychotic (Kartemquin, 2008). Not until about 1943 did Leo Kranner give a clear definition forRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), sometimes referred to as â€Å"autism†, is â€Å"a chronic disorder whose symptoms include failure to develop normal social relations with other people, impaired development of communicative ability, lack of imaginative ability, and repetitive, stereotyped movements†. Individuals with autism disorder have markedly different social and emotional actions and reactions than non-autistic individuals. For exam ple, many autistic children do not seem to care whether or not they getRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism1492 Words   |  6 Pageslife there are several different disorders that have been well known from many years ago. There is one disorder that was diagnosed in the early 1800’s but it wasn’t until a few years ago that it gained lots of attention. What used to be known as Autism was later renamed in the DSM to Autism Spectrum Disorder meaning, a neurodevelopmental disorder rather than a pervasive developmental disorder (Gargiulo, 2015). Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impairedRead MoreAutism Spectrum, Asperger, And Pervasive Development Disorder1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe autism spectrum consists of three main disorders, autism, Asperger s, and pervasive development disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). One issue regarding disorders on the autism spectrum is the minimal research funding for them. While treatable diseases are heavily studied due to the search for a cure, the disorders on the autism spectrum cannot be treated. The complication of limited funding is that people are not dealing with ASD (autism spectrum disorder) correctly, which worsens theRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )798 Words   |  4 PagesAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disorder characterised by a triad of impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive behaviour and restricted interest. This spectrum is observed to affect three times more males than females (Hill, 2004). ASD is a syndrome that Leo Kanner first explained while observing the behaviour of children he was researching. He describes that they had particular traits such as the inability to establish social relatedness with other people, failure to useRead MoreGender Theory1544 Words   |  7 Pagesto girl ratio found in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This gender disparity, although heavily studied, is little understood. There are two main theories that attempt to explain this gender disparity: the extreme male brain theory, which is supported by research on fetal testosterone, X-chromosomes, Y-chromosomes, and the female protective effect; and the biased diagnostic criteria theory, which is also supported by many research studies that explore phenotypic differences in the

The Miners Strike 1984 Essay - 501 Words

Throughout the century British coal had become increasingly costly and difficult to mine. Nationalization in 1948 had not altered this. Indeed, there was a case for saying that lack of government investment since that date had added to the problem. For some time Britain had been importing coal from abroad. With the exception of few pits producing particular types of coal, British mines by the 1970s were running at loss. When Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister the first thing she wanted to do was limit union power. She felt that union power applied to nationalized industrial monopolies resulted in poor service at exorbitant cost to the taxpayers. She pointed to inefficient work practices, over employment and restrictive employment†¦show more content†¦Thatcher reduced trade union power. She was helped also by rapidly rising unemployment which acted as a major disincentive to many going on strike or pressing to hard for higher wages. The trigger for Britains most bitter industrial dispute of recent times was the announcement that one Yorkshire pit, Cortonwood near Barnsley, was to close, all over Yorkshire walked out, not realising that it would be a year before they returned. Whereas previous coal strikes had been over in a matter of weeks, this time both union and government dug in for a lengthy battle. In the end, the biggest losers were ordinary miners. However there was a strong counter argument advanced by the miners union and the other analysts. They suggested that with a proper investment programme backed by a genuine government commitment to coal as a long term power source, large parts of the British coal industry still had a profitable future. The social consequences of widespread pit closures would be catastrophic. The impact of the strike was much wider than just in the mining industry and the regions: the scenes of violence between strikes and police regularly seen on television shocked the nation and divided public opinion. Polls suggested that 65% of the people supported the government and the police 35% of the miners. social commentators suggested that the violent clashes that frequently accompanied the strike stimulated a general strikeShow MoreRelatedMaking Difficult Decisions1108 Words   |  5 Pagesfilms where the characters have hard decisions to make. Billy Elliot is a film about Billy, an 11-year-old boy who lives with his father, brother and Nan (grandmother). The film takes place in â€Å"Everington† in the UK, from 1984 to 1985 which was in the middle of the UK miners strike. The main conflict of the film is that Billy wants to be a ballet dancer. His father on the other hand, would rather have his son doing what every other boy at the age of 11, which is boxing. However, Billy ´s father comesRead MoreAnalysing Gender Roles in Billy Elliot1306 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing Gender roles in Billy Elliot Billy Elliot, directed by Stephen Daldry, is a film taken place in England during the mining workers riot. Set against the background of the 1984 Miner s Strike, Billy Elliot is an eleven year old boy who stumbles out of the boxing ring and onto the ballet floor. He faces many trials and triumphs as he strives to conquer his family s set ways, inner conflict, and standing on his toes!. Between Billy and his family the relationship is Read MoreEssay on The Concept of Citizenship1014 Words   |  5 Pagesnumber of acts such as the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829. Slavery was abolished in 1839. Sex Discrimination Acts were passed in 1975 and 1987. The first Race Relations act was passed in 1976. The Data Protection Act was passed in 1984. Citizenship In the 1990’s Since the late 1980’s a debate about what citizenship is and what it should be has risen up in the political agenda. The reasons for this was –  · There was a conservative campaign to promote citizenshipRead MoreThe Four Models of Public Relations1699 Words   |  7 Pagesdesire to its publics. Grunig and Hunt (1984) define the communication theory as a fundamental tool of enhancing and maintaining the relationship between an organisation and its publics, which can assist an organisation to address different issues efficiently and effectively. Grunig and Hunt have developed four theoretical communication models of public relations which are press agentry, public information, two-way symmetric and two-way asymmetric (Grunig Hunt, 1984). This essay will focus on the GrunigRead MoreTheories on Audience Activity Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesStevenson (2002) looks at Greg Philo’s (1984) study during the miners strike. Philo’s argument was that the ‘hegemonic operation of power and authority was able to manipulate the publics understanding of the strike’ (Stevenson 2002:86). He demonstrated thi s by asking people to create a news bulletin from the pictures given, finding a strong correlation with the miners and a picture of a gun. Even those sympathetic to the miners associated the gun with the miners. Philo and Morley’s studies ‘are unableRead MoreQueen Victori The Longest Serving Monarch Of The United Kingdom1212 Words   |  5 Pageselected the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975. During her time as prime minster, Thatcher put the Falkland Islands under British rule, after defeated Argentina. She also forced miners back to work with no pay during the Miners’ Strike of 1984 and signed a treaty about the future of Hong Kong with the Chinese in 1984. Thatcher was given the nickname â€Å"Iron Lady† because of her leadership style. She left office in 1992. Margaret Thatcher died on April 8, 2013 at the Ritz Hotel in London because ofRead MoreEssay On Margaret Thatcher1700 Words   |  7 Pagesdecision to hold for a year, between March of 19 84 and March of 1985, a strike of the mining that put the country in check. It ended up defeating the unions that lost all their power, this movement was a political strike, that resulted in an importance that transcended in the economic sphere of the country. From 1972 to 1985 Britain was governed only with the consent of the trade unions. No government could really survive a major strike, especially a strike from the mining union, let alone emerge victoriousRead MoreEffects Of Mrs. Thatcher s Policies On The Coal Mining Communities Of South Wales2726 Words   |  11 Pagesaccommodate the needs of the whole community for their economic and emotional survival, as all were in a similar position and even more so, they knew the associated risks with mining coal. In this sometimes, life and death working environment, the miners and their families would go on to create a community that was ‘solidly bonded’ by a single cause. This bond for all intents and purposes was viewe d as, being a place where all were in harmony, a place which had learnt to look after itself and wasRead MorePolitical Economy and the Propaganda Model of Noam Chomsky2792 Words   |  12 Pages1979 - the leftist  Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional  (FSLN/Sandinistas) rolled into Managua, Nicaragua leader of the insurrection that had finally succeeded in overthrowing the dictator Anastasio Somoza Debayle.  Then there was the election in 1984. The American coverage for the elections in Nicaragua and el Salvador are a key aspect which Chomsky and Herman cover in Manufacturing Consent, and one which Chomsky spoke of on many occasions. The media covered both elections in both countries simultaneouslyRead MoreDue 11Th January.To What Extent Are We Influenced By The1537 Words   |  7 Pageswomen. Further influence from the media can be seen in the 1984 miners’ strike, renamed the ‘battle of Orgreave’. Sympathisers who rejected the ideological message, that the minors were violent, had no support from media out lets as it was those in power, i.e. the police, who were responsible for the brutality. This relates back to vertical and horizontal integration, as the media had been controlled. Those who had not experienced the strike first hand described it as violent, as that was all that

Gilgamesh Free Essays

The epic of Gilgamesh is about the ruler of uruk Gilgamesh and his quest to receive everlasting life. Gilgamesh wanted to receive everlasting life because he saw his best friend enkidu die of a slow agonizing death witch lead Gilgamesh to put his own mortality to question.. We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now Enkidu died this death as punishment for the thing he and Gilgamesh did like kill the bull of heaven and chop down all the trees in the cedar forest after killing the demon humbaba. So Gilgamesh goes to the end of the earth to find utnapishtims to grant him everlasting life. Utnapishtims tells him he can have everlasting life if he can stay awake for 7 days Gilgamesh fails immediately and ends up going back to uruk but before he goes back utnapishtims tells Gilgamesh about a flower that restores youth , so Gilgamesh gets the flower but it gets stolen so he leaves with nothing but knowledge witch he shares with his people. The main character is Gilgamesh he is a hero, fiercest of warriors he is two thirds god one third human and has super natural abilities.. fter seeing his friend enkidu die he goes off on a quest to get him out of the house of dust and gain everlasting life. Gilgamesh had to prove himself many times in the story by defeating challenges that faced him , killing the bull of heaven, when utnapishtim told him to sleep for seven days, getting the flower that restores youth and fighting offa pack of lions that the gods sent after him. The was an abundant presence of mythical beings the sun god, enlil the god of earth ,wind and air, and anu the god of the sky. His journey takes him to supernatural places such as the underworld the twin peaked mountain called mashu and on a boat journey through the waters of death. The story reaches a low point when Gilgamesh’s’ friend enkidu dies also when he failed utnapishtims challenge to stay awake for a week. The resurrection of the story was when Gilgamesh was told about the flower that restores everlasting life. He returns to uruk after the flower was stolen by a snake with much wisdom that he shares with his people. Gilgamesh’s characteristics define him as a quest hero. He is two thirds god and one third mortal and he is the strongest of men, he is ruler of uruk , the greatest of warriors and ambitious builder Gilgamesh surrounded his city with magnificent walls and glorious ziggurats, he was physically beautiful, immensely strong, and very wise. Gilgamesh’s flaws and virtues are very oversized. He goes on an epic quest after his best friend dies. He visits places that are supernatural and cannot be visited by humans. he was faced with many challenges that he over came to complete his quest. Sumer was one of the earliest civilizations of the near ancient east, located in the southern part of Mesopotamia. The term sumerian refers to the people who speak the Sumerian language. Sumer ancient Egypt and indusvalley civilization were considered the first settled society in the world to have all the features needed to have a civilization. The history of Sumeria dates back to the beginning of writing and law which the Sumerians were accredited for inventing. And was essential for maintaining order within city-states. For centuries city states used Sumerian law, which established penalties for certain offenses. This represents recognition that society can’t function without respect for life, property and shared values. The Sumerians were non Semitic people and were at one time believed to have been invader, as a number of linguists believed they could possibly detect a substrate language beneath Sumerian. However, archeological record shows clear uninterrupted cultural continuity from the time of the early unbaid period settlements in southern Mesopotamia. The Sumerian peoples farm land was mad fertile by slit deposited by the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers. By the late fourth millennium B. C. E. , sumer was divided into about a dozen independent city states, whose limits were defined by canals and boundary stones. Each was centered on a temple dedicated to the particular patron deity of the city and ruled over by a priest and or king, who was tied to the city’s religious rites. The principle Sumerian sites were the cities of mari, agade, kish, borsippa, nippur , isin, adab, shuruppak, girsu lagash, ur and eridu . he minor cities wear sippar , kutha, dilbat, marad, kisurra , zabala, umma , kisiga, awan, hamazi, eshnunna akshak, and zimbir. The Sumerian city-states rose to power during the prehistorical ubad and uruk periods. The historical record opens with early dynastic period from ca. the twenty ninth century B. C. E. , but remains scarce until the lagash period begins in the twenty sixith century. Classical sumer ends with akkadian empire in the twenty fourth century. Followed by the gutian period, there is a short â€Å"Sumerian renaissance† in the twenty second, cut short in ca. 000 B. C. E. by Amorite invasions. The Amorite â€Å"dynasty of isin† persists until ca. 1730 B. C. E. when Mesopotamia is united under Babylonian rule. Recapping my essay Gilgamesh is an epic about the ruler of uruk who went on a quest to find everlasting life but in the end Gilgamesh did not find everlasting life. His characteristics match that of an epic hero and the sumer civilization was one of the first civilizations to have all the essentials to be a civilization and the Sumerians were credited for inventing writing and law and wear a great civilization. How to cite Gilgamesh, Papers

Humor in Life free essay sample

Humor in life The Old English definition of witty is â€Å"having wisdom†. Well, good thing this is not Old English because I am in no way saying that I have wisdom. That wouldmake me a liar.I am seventeen years old and still make jokes that ten year olds make;I do not think I qualify for being wise. So, I will not be explaining how I am witty from that standpoint. The current definition of witty from OxfordDictionary.com is â€Å" showing or characterized by quick and inventive verbal humor†. Now that sounds more like me. I have always been told that I am witty. I would always laugh because I never really knew if it was a compliment or a diss. I would not say â€Å"thank you†, or â€Å"hey you are too!†, because I honestly did not even know what it meant. I finally figured out the actual definition of this word a few days ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Humor in Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now I understand why I have been called that. I love receiving compliments. But my favorite compliment I receive is when people say I am funny or witty. I would rather be told that than be told I am pretty or something. I think that is because, so much of my life, is based around humor. The people that are close to me know that more than half of the things that I say are not true. If somebody asks a question, or gives me a good opportunity to crack a joke,I think for a quick response. And I say it. Outloud.Sometimes without thinking about what I am actually saying. That is probably one of my worst qualities. I will say things, and forget who is in the room and the place and setting. After I say something that is inappropriate for the time and people I am with, I just know. I bite my tongue, and hope that everybody forgets about it. I have learned to laugh at myself. This has happened at school, restaurants, and even at home! I thinkfunny example is when people at stores say â€Å"t hank you for shopping with us† and I say â€Å"you too†. Or when servers at restaurants say â€Å"enjoy your food† and I say â€Å"you too†.This really shows I need to think of what people say before I speak. I also will say rude things that I think are funny and they will actually offend people. I will also at times say my opinion when it is really not needed and when it differs with everyone elses opinions in the room. Whenever I hear the word witty, I associate it with the word humorous. Like I said, humor is such a big part of my life. I think that it should be a part of everybodys life too. Laughing is a breath of fresh air on a bad day. If I am having a bad day, if someone makes a joke, sometimes I completely forget that I was having a bad day. Making somebody else smile when I am having a bad day, also can make my day so much better. I think that having wit and being funny are two different things. Wit is a type of humor. So if somebody is witty, t hat is because they are some way being funny and humorous. But there are different types of wit. There is dimwit, which is actually not a compliment in my opinion. It is more like a stupid kind of humor. That is different from quick witted because, well it says it in the word, quick witted is fast, smart humor. Sacha Guitry once said, â€Å"You can pretend to be serious; but you can’t pretend to be witty†. I think that that quote isfunny and yet very true. The word that is most opposite of witty, is serious. The word most opposite of me†¦ is also serious. Somebody can pretend to be serious; A.K.A, me. I can pretend to be serious when I need to. But, people that are serious, can not pretend to be witty. You can not just become witty; you either are or you are not. Everyone finds something to get them through life, whether they are having a good day or a bad day. For me, humor and my wit get me through life. Smiles and laughter make me feel happy. Although sometimes my witty humor can get me in trouble, I would not trade that quality for anything.

For a billion years before the end of the world Review Essay Example

For a billion years before the end of the world Review Paper Essay on For a billion years before the end of the world My first acquaintance with the Strugatsky. The first acquaintance, and perhaps love at first sentence  «Over a billion years before the end of the world. a book that belongs to the genre of science fiction, but it affects the familiar philosophical problems for us. Protagonists scientists put before a choice to continue his scientific work, or choose a normal happy life. Homeostatic Universe makes the life of each of them fancy clot fiction. Research a hindrance for nature, for a billion years, they can lead to the birth of super-civilizations A fascinating story, sometimes comical, hidden in this sense and allusions.. Pushkin, Pushkin .. I whispered, turning the pages. Snow, like the hero of fatalists, experiencing the fate and soon he died in his own apartment, without waiting vosmidesyatiletnego age. Dmitry Malyanov, the protagonist, candy treats, The Queen of Spades. Between the lines one can see Zamyatin, and sometimes -. Nabokov Strugatsky was able to portray the wonder of living heroes uhayuschy Vecherovsky, unkempt Weingarten, drooping Glukhov Even the cat Qalam has caused a storm of emotions and smiles. And the heat, so that the authors were able to pass! Despite the 30 degree weather, guests in my town, I immediately transferred in the summer, and even the sun warmed warmer. We will write a custom essay sample on For a billion years before the end of the world Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on For a billion years before the end of the world Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on For a billion years before the end of the world Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In conclusion, Strugatsky leave the choice for us. Favorite business or family? Creation or campaign behind bookshelves son? Dedication and carefree happiness? Although the authors themselves, in my opinion, yet sympathetic Vecherovsky. Theres no hurry. There are still a billion years. But you can start right now.  »

Exploratory Research essays

Exploratory Research essays Exploratory research can be used when forming a hypothesis or simply observing trends. It is not scientifically performed and often relies on secondary data. No hard-and-fast conclusions can be drawn from it (Ontario Holstery Institute). In addition to marketing and sales, descriptive research is useful to human resources in determining what types of job candidates are available. Also purchasing can use descriptive data to determine whether they are getting the best value for the companys money. Finally, auditors can use descriptive research to determine if some areas of a business are under more pressure, subject to more turnover, or have other internal weaknesses that would help in designing the audit procedures. Longitudinal studies take place over time. It is important to consider the cost of such a study, which is usually high. Also, the researchers must consider the likelihood of finding people willing to participate in a study over time (King). Furthermore, the researchers must consider whether the change in individuals over time is important. If the size of a group is expected to stay the same, and only the individual members will change, it is possible that a longitudinal study will be a waste of time. Some decisions can be made on the basis of a cross-sectional study. If events only happen once, such as a reaction to a commercial, then collecting the data only once makes sense. Similarly, data that is unlikely to change quickly, such as peoples reaction to certain foods can be effectively measured in a cross-sectional study. Decisions that rely on the change in people over time, however, should only be made on the basis of a cross-sectional study if a longitudinal study is unprofitable and a retrospective study is not available (Johnson). Many outside factors can affect the decisions of people in the short-term. For example, the inclusion of macaroni and cheese on an individua ...

Software Development Life Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Development Life Cycle - Essay Example SDLC involves a process that involves phases that some scholars divide into five while some others divide it into seven. The most common elements of SDLC include the system requirement study, which some scholars divide into system investigation and system analysis; designing; development, which some scholars indicate as programming; testing and maintenance. However, some scholars include the element of evolution of the software as a different stage from maintenance. The requirement study element involves the situation in which the organization that needs the software analyzes the needs that it has to perform certain activities efficiently, different from what they had initially. The stage of the SDLC involve the owner organization assessing its capability to use the software it is about to develop by assessing whether it has the financial ability and the software or hardware necessary to utilize the product they intend to make (Peters, 2008). The SDLC element of design involves the p roduction of a blueprint of what the client demanded and which meet the initial product description. This stage of development of software produces a prototype that the developer can work on to increase the qualities and the other aspects. The stage of development or programming is the one at which the developer names conventions in the prototype codes it so that it can be able to meet the requirement of their clients. The element of testing is the stage at which the developer carries out a process of testing the software he or she made, which acts as a verification of the working of the application as the client demanded (Peters, 2008). The stage of maintenance is one in which after the client has approved the software and has started using it, he goes on to determine the parts of the software that may need changes. The process of evolution is where the organization implements changes to the original software because of changes in the policies that existed during the designing time (Peters, 2008). The SDLC requires the involvement of the different specialists who include the Chief Information Officer of the organization who plans and makes budgetary allocation to the project of developing software. The Contracting Officer is the person who administers or terminates a contract as a representative of the organization and Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative who manages the technical aspects of the contract assists him or her. The SDLC requires the Information Technology Investment Board that manages and controls the capital planning and investment in the things related to information in the organization. The Information Systems Security Program Manager is an important role player in the SDLC project because he or she introduces an appropriate, structured methodology to help determine, assess and reduce the cases of information insecurity in the software that is made (Langer, 2012). Information System Security Officer is the individual in the or ganization that plays the role of ensuring the security of information transmitted through the software on the long term. The Program Manager is the individual who oversees all the project of acquisition of the software and ensures that, in its life cycle, it fulfills the requirements that it was designed to

Discuss Malcolm X's historical relevance on the 1960s Essay

Discuss Malcolm X's historical relevance on the 1960s - Essay Example Dyson underscores that as Malcolm came close to the year of his assassination, he exhibited a growing sense of humanity and moral awareness that both his critics and â€Å"true believers† dismissed. This paper explores the historical relevance of Malcolm X in the 1960s. It portrays the life of Malcolm X, his major accomplishments, the probable reasons for his assassination, and his historical relevance in American history. The Life of Malcolm X On May 19, 1925, Louise Norton Little gave birth to Malcolm in Omaha, Nebraska. Malcolm’s father, Earl Little, supported Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The UNIA had its headquarters in Harlem and promoted the long-term goal of African Diaspora. While the African Americans have not yet returned to Africa, the UNIA promoted black pride and self-reliance. Earl traveled around the U.S. to teach the Garveyite ideals of self-dignity and self-reliance and to prepare believers for a return to Africa someday. Louise also contributed to the UNIA through writing articles for the UNIA’s Negro World. While Malcolm became a favorite of his father, Louise hated Malcolm because of his light skin color, which reminded her that she had a white father. She whipped Malcolm heavily and frequently. Malcolm’s father died in 1931, leaving his mother to fend for seven children, who were all less than twelve years old. The pressures of being self-r eliant and remaining strong, despite her loneliness, pushed Louise to her psychological limits. On January 9, 1939, the courts sent Louise to a state mental hospital at Kalamazoo. 6 Because of his earlier misdemeanors, Malcolm ended up in a detention home that the Swerleins managed. Malcolm worked hard for them, so they blocked the previous court decision to put him in reform school.7 Malcolm, however, had mixed feelings for the Swerleins, because he knew that they â€Å"liked† him, as if he is a â€Å"canary.†8 In 1939, during his seventh-grade year, Malcolm became elected as the class president. He took an active participation in sports and class activities too.9 As the only black student in Mason Junior High School, however, his teachers and classmates called him â€Å"the nigger† and older boys often â€Å"accidentally elbowed† him.10 One day, Malcolm’s English teacher, Mr. Ostrowsky, asked him if he had thought of a future career. Malcolm impulsively answered that he wanted to be a lawyer. Mr. Ostrowsky asserted that being a lawyer did not constitute as a â€Å"realistic† aim â€Å"for a nigger† and he aske d Malcolm to choose the occupation of carpentry instead.11 After this encounter, Malcolm learned to turn away from the whites who never aimed to give him access to his political and economic rights. Malcolm soon lost his former passionate interest in school. He dropped out and lived in Boston, Massachusetts, where he took numerous odd jobs. Afterwards, he traveled to Harlem, New York, where he became involved in petty crimes, such as drug trafficking and pimping. He turned into a well-known hustler in New York. By 1942, Malcolm acted as a go-between for a variety of narcotics, prostitution and gambling rings. The Malcolm X website narrates that Malcolm and his buddy, Malcolm â€Å"Shorty† Jarvis, went back to Boston, after some gang-related problems.12 In 1946, the police arrested them for burglary charges, and Malcolm received a sentence for ten years in prison. During this time, he became

The Incident Of Blood Transfusion Health And Social Care Essay

The Incident Of Blood Transfusion Health And Social Care Essay Introduction: Saving lives by means of safety precautions is emphasized by the health institutions. Particularly in clinical care a minute error can jeopardize lives of human beings. Though NHS has promised to serve the best interests of people, lapses in the patient safety seems evident. As a result, NPSA proposed seven steps to safe guard precious life. Over all the literature discusses the patient safety measures, human and system factors contributing to minimize the performance and precision of care administered. During 20th century sudden rise in blood transfusions are evident. Blood is regarded as an important organ. Transfusion is a multi-step process where risk or complications are common. It discusses all the important steps in assessing the human and system errors. Systematic review is done by estimating the risks and proposes a solution of bloodless surgery which is last option to escape from worries of transfusion. The key terms used for search are patient safety, safety culture, blood transfusions, ergonomics, bloodless surgeries, organizational factors and human incidents. Patient Safety: The health sector is a highly pressurized, complex system where in which the potential for error and accidents is ever present. Statistics on International Research suggests that ensuing patient safety is one of the most important challenges faced by the healthcare today, not only in the United Kingdom but also worldwide. It was observed that the root cause of various events and accidents together with a majority of mistakes taking place in medical environment is the system itself-a system whose flaws eventually lead to a human error. The Patient Safety initiative is an innovative, proactive approach that provides basis for eliminating the flaws from the system before they result in to needless tragedies. According to World Health Organization (2011), Patient safety can be defined as a fundamental principle of health care (WHO, 2011). Precisely, the improvements concerning to patient safety demand a complex-system of wide effort, environmental and safety risk management, including in fection control, safe and effective use of medicines, clinical practices and care. Nevertheless, this new patient safety perspective was been developed in United Kingdom through an initial study, commissioned by the Department of Health and Design Council, to deliver ideologies and recommendations for a design approach to minimize the risk of medical error and to promote patient safety across the National Health Service (Department of Health, 2006). On the other hand, Risk an inherent part of health care may lead to severe complications while delaying them might be even more dangerous. At moment, in NHS controlling safety and estimating the risk has become internal process of supporting patients in hospital settings. To improve standards in patient care and for reviewing, documentation of risk form the basis for future investigations. Risk assessments carefully examine the systems to identify the factors that could potentially cause or contribute to patient harm (Department of Health, 2004). These assessments highlight whether adequate precautions are being taken to ensure timely and safer provision of care. Additionally, it indicates further measures needed in future to prevent harm and risk to the patients (Department of Health, 2006). Seven steps by the National Patient Safety Agency were published in 2004. Gives evidence of the risk involved and steps to prevent potential harm by integrating the management of risk, patients involved and the solutions proposed for incidents (National Patient Safety Agency, 2004). Within NHS, Risk Assessment is highly essential as it facilitates the practitioner to minimize both consequences of an adverse effect and risk itself. Risk Assessment provides an earl y warning system and thus maximizes the probability of positive outcomes. Thus, Risk Assessment tool can be used effectively with sound clinical judgment connected with experience of assessing risks. In essence, managing risks of ward-base and evaluation of patients is vital aspect of the tool (Royal College of Nursing, 2004). The Scenario Major concern is that blood is contaminated with infectious diseases like AIDS, hepatitis etc. Though screening being implemented, there is a risk involved while donating blood. Dr Gordec identified patients willing to donate blood being infected and not yet developed antibodies could be detected through screening Blood Borne Disease: A great stride in medicine field has invented new surgical methods and procedures for transfusions. It became a multibillion-dollar industry. Soon, transfusion-related diseases came to the fore. During the Korean War, nearly 22 percent who received plasma transfusions developed hepatitis. By1970s, the U.S. Centers for Disease and Control estimated death due to the hepatitis infected blood, 3500 a year (Awake 2002: Published by Jehovahs witnesses). Case study of heart surgery related patient The rate of mortality is high in patients undergoing heart surgery and kidney transplantation. The incident is treated as adverse event which is not happened at the beginning levels of transfusion. Although the preliminary checking is done, the rate of mortality is high. Patients diagnosed with coronary syndrome were routinely given blood transfusions. Studies published by JAMA admits that folks often choose transfusions are at higher risk of dying when compared with those who refuse. Doctors participated in the study published findings saying: We caution against the routine use of blood transfusion to maintain arbitrary hematocrit levels in stable patients with ischemic heart disease. Nigerian case study: Case of a baby girl infected with HIV positive in Nigeria was reported in the Awake 2008 article titled:HIV- Screened Blood Safe. Soon after the birth, the baby found to be jaundiced. The doctors prescribed transfusion. As fathers blood is incompatible, hospital authorities ordered blood from blood bank. Post transfusion, the baby detected HIV positive, though parents were HIV negative. Investigation is done and the Nigerian Tribune reported a virologist saying: At the time of donating, the donor was at the window period of HIV infection. The window period for HIV infection, is time period taken by the immune system to recover the antibodies for antibody test. It may take 2 to 8 weeks and it varies from person to person. So the screened blood is no safe and carries risk. The San Francisco AIDS Foundation warns: During the test, HIV infected person cannot be detected during that time. In fact, often people are infected at this period of time. The pre-check for immune factors is small mistake but the implication of transfusing the blood has resulted in adverse result which may result in death. Case study of Transfusion-related lung injury (TRALI) Case study of patients administered in hospital for receiving blood products, particularly plasma-containing products for hemolytic reasons. This is quite interesting case, after transfusing blood, the patient contracted transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). When careful investigation is done, though careful administration of right blood and patient identification is carried, the blood cells from the donor reacted with recipients white blood cells was evident. This resulted in the size of the lungs which allow the fluids to enter and may lead to death if not treated correctly. This incident is classified as adverse event, where careful observation is vital in delivering services. The nurse should take a note of reactions and report to higher staff and doctors. Based on the reaction of patients, the nurse should stop transfusing the blood as a precaution measure Human Factors: According to the Health and Safety Executive (1999, p. 2), Human factors influences the behavior of individuals or an organization based on factors like organizational, environmental and job which affects the health and safety of employees and employers. A simple way to view human factors is look into three aspects: the job, the individual and the behavior (Health and Safety Executive, 1999). Categorizing Human Failure It is very important to understand that human failures in relation to transfusion process are not random and there occur specific patterns for their implementation (Manser, 2009). Different types of failures that lead to major accidents in Healthcare sector are worth knowing: Unintentional Errors like slips/lapses, mistakes are basically unplanned actions and these must be eliminated during the training process of human factors. Errors usually occur during the accomplishment of a familiar task such as forgetting something or omissions, maintenance, calibration and testing errors. Mistakes, on the other hand are the errors of judgment and decision making and they appear in situations where nurse behavior is based on familiar procedures or unfamiliar situations where in which decisions are formed form the first principles and lead to miscalculations. By training the nursing staff and other health professionals in Transfusion department, these types of errors can be avoided (Mc Cormick, Wardrope 2003). International Errors involve violations and these differ from the above type of errors as these are well-meaning failure such as non-compliance of procedures or taking a short cut of Transfusion process. These are rarely willful (like sabotage) and usually occur from an intention of getting the job done quickly despite of consequences. These Violations cane be Routine (behavior in opposing to a rule and procedure), Exceptional (that prevail unusual and unpredicted circumstances), Situational (occur as a consequence of factors dictated by workers) and Acts of Sabotage (self explanatory and complex) (Manser 2009). Clinical blood transfusion contains multiple steps and is prone to error. Various studies showed most errors occur outside the clinical laboratory. Errors are likely to happen while collecting the blood components from storage facilities, performing transfusions and while monitoring patients before and after transfusion. The common fear is that patients get infected while receiving the blood components. It occurs very rare. SHOT acknowledges that only 1.4 % infected out of 4,334 adverse events between 1996 and 2007. The greatest risk lies in human error, administering blood to wrong patients or not intended to someone else, accounts to 62.7% of reported cases (SHOT, 2008) Patient Identification: While ensuring blood is administered to the right patient, scrupulous enquiry into patient details is mandatory. Identifying patients is vital and must be confirmed when pre-transfusion is taken, collecting the specimen from storage areas and when blood is injected. Checking the blood bag: Bacteria infected transfusions are major cause of deaths. The staff should remain vigilant and check for the contaminated blood components of red cells and platelet units (SHOT 2008). Nurses should check the blood bag for any discoloration or clumping and also expiry date of the product. Safe Collection: The person/ relative who retrieve the blood from the bank must take a written evidence of patients identity. This must be check against the patients identification band exactly. Details of patients must include such as first name, surname, date of birth and unique identification number (BCSH 1999). It minimizes the risk of being wrong blood collected and giving it to the wrong patient. Pre-administration check: Pre-administration check is vital in ensuring safety measure while donating blood. It includes checking the patient information on the blood pack against the label of the recipient. The staff can enquire with the patients about their details and cross-check with the identification band. Due to ambiguity or unconscious state of recipient, identity can be verified with second staff member and via recognition band. Based on compatibility report or patients note must not be considered as final checking procedure (NPSA, 2006). Nurse should remember the main 2 points. No identification band no transfusion, and always confirm with identity band. The blood group and donation number on the compatibility tie-on tag should match the blood component. If discrepancies are found during the process, the nurse should stop immediately and contact the transfusion laboratory. For example: DOB not matching with identity band. Continuity without distraction is important in verifying the information. In critical conditions, interruption can be allowed. Sometimes it makes them distract to perform checking from beginning to end. Monitoring: Studies show there are differing opinions of observing the patents during transfusion. It is generally agreed observations are recorded before administering. Rowe and Doughty (2000) highlights rate of response to reactions caused by blood without proper monitoring techniques. To respond quickly by the staff constant observation is mandatory. Prior administration checking blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature is recommended (BCSH 1999). During the entire process for every 15 minutes the above recommendations are repeated. Making notes of vital signs for every 15 min is suggested during the first hour and every 30 min from second hour (Castledine 2006). War strategists say that humans are likely to sleep in early hours of morning (3.00 am to 5.00 am). The sleep factor makes the observation bit difficult at night times. During delayed transfusion reactions being vigilant is challenging. System factors: System is defined as interaction with the physical, social and organization environment in which individual operate. It deals with Information technology devices, protocols, legal procedures, working environment, education and training etc. Reducing the medical adverse drug events (ADE) at St. Josephs medical centre, Illinois has led to automation of process. The medication process is quite lengthy and incidents such as unavailable patient information, miscommunication of medication, labeling and storage are often repeated. Information technology cannot replace the humans in critical care, but can reduce the repetitive tasks such as entering the pre-requisite details, including checks for problems. Humans are better than computers while taking complex decisions (Bates 2000). Reliance on individual is emphasized rather than automated systems when explaining errors and accidents (Parker and Lawton 2006). CPOE (computerized physician order system) has made great impact in prevention of medication errors, while orders are written online. The information is structured, contains details about the drug, dosage and frequency. Finally each order is verified for allergies and quantity of dose for patients suffering with kidney and liver problems. The invention of CPOE has resulted in 55% reduction in medication errors (Bates 1998). Decision to transfuse: The decision not to transfuse must outweigh the risk of transfusion. Each blood samples should be given to patient after consideration and when there are no alternatives. Further guidelines and indications can be found at www.bcshguidelines .org.uk and www.sign.ac.uk. Consent: It is better to discuss the treatment option before a decision is reached for prescribing blood components in clinical practices (McClleland 2007). To gain consent for treatment, the patient (parents/guardian) should have access to information about the risks. The patient has the right to refuse the transfusion by assessing the risk factors and alternative techniques. Some may reject the based on religious grounds or because of risks. In cases like these, the nurse should refer to local hospital policy for advice (Grey et al 2007) Religious group Jehovahs Witness, because of their bible-based faith they keep abstaining from blood components. They have a durable power of autonomy (DPA) and the Advance Medical Directive/Release card as into a single legal document, which explains their stand and treatment options. Local hospital policies: Blood is given voluntarily in UK. The hospital authorities have to ensure the blood is used effectively and for the benefit of patients. The nurses should be aware with local hospital policies related to effective use of blood, storage and transportation. Each blood unit is precious; if unused it should be sent back to laboratory to maximize the use by other patients. Safety culture: There is often blame culture. When things go wrong, people may threaten them with disciplinary measures or termination from services. Such individuals should be held accountable, but it acts as deterrent in reporting the adverse event (Department of Health, 2007, p.77). The communication and mutual respect is important, to be an effective team player. Some junior doctors have not found good reasons to transfusion, and are in dilemma about the treatment. They have fear of challenging the treatment options and often budge. In situations like these open debate or discussion should be welcomed by the higher officials, which benefits the patients. There are cases, unnecessarily blood transfusion are opted repeatedly which risks the patient recovery. Recommendations: Alternative techniques: Human errors are inevitable though much care are precision are followed. Blood is an organ and complications are expected while transfusing. There has been a debate about whether blood transfusion is really necessary. Jehovahs witnesses are known world-wide for bloodless surgeries. They have various alternative techniques. In October 2006, Reforma reported more than 30 blood transfusion alternatives. They include cauterizing blood vessels, covering organs with special gauze that releases chemicals that inhibit bleeding, and using blood-volume expanders. Time magazine says the total operative cost for the blood transfusion, the bill comes between $1 billion and $2 billion annually. Sharon Vernon, director for bloodless medicine admits that people are becoming aware of the benefits of bloodless surgeries and its cost cutting environment. The recovery of people is commendable Education and Training: The nurses and midwives needs to be updated with skills and competencies to understand the peri-operative conditions of blood transfusions. To participate in clinical transfusion, NHS Quality Improvement Scotland in 2006 has initiated education initiative and equivalent roles which is a prerequisite for nurses. Role of patients: Ethics published by NMC are available in respecting the patient rights when opting treatment. The patient can play an active role in reducing the accidents by making scrupulous search into the options available, benefits and risks associated. For further information, leaflets are available at hospitals and web resources can be helpful. Conclusion: Patient safety is vital in providing good care. The NHS has worked with NPSA to implement the guidelines for preventing of errors or hazards. Though systems are designed to make error free, complete elimination of mistakes is not possible as we have tendency to err. The literature discusses the human and system factors of blood transfusion. Though pre-administration check, identification of blood bags are done properly, immune factors of the donor has to be tested. The whole process is riskier and involves cost which is burden. Despite safety precautions, it is best to go for blood less surgery which is infection-free; recovery from surgery is almost double and the total cost of surgery is affordable. Competency based training and education enables the nurses and staff to deal successfully with adverse reactions.

Converting Your Manual Bookkeeping Essay

If you’re converting a manual bookkeeping system to a computerized system, your conversion will take a bit more time than just starting fresh because you need to be sure your new system starts with information that matches your current books. The process for entering your initial data varies depending on the software you’ve chosen. To ensure that you properly convert your bookkeeping system, use the information that comes with your software; read through the manual, review the startup suggestions made as you set up the system, and pick the methods that best match your style of operating. The best time to convert is at the end of an accounting period. That way, you won’t have to do a lot of extra work adding transactions that already occurred during a period. For example, if you decide to computerize your accounting system on March 15, you’d have to add all the transactions that occurred between March 1 and March 15 into your new system. It’s just easier to wait until April 1 to get started even if you buy the software on March 15. While you can convert to a computerized accounting system at the end of a month, your best time to do it is at the end of a calendar or fiscal year. Otherwise, you have to input data for all the months of the year that have passed. Whenever you decide to start your computerized bookkeeping, use the data from your trial balance that you used to close the books at the end of most recent accounting period. In the computerized system, enter the balances for each of the accounts in your trial balance. Asset, liability, and equity accounts should have carry-over balances, but Income and Expense accounts should have zero balances. Of course, if you’re starting a new business, you won’t have a previous trial balance. Then you just enter any balances you might have in your cash accounts, any assets your business may own as it starts up, and any liabilities that your business may already owe relating to startup expenses. You also add any contributions from owners that were made to get the business started in the Equity accounts. After you enter all the appropriate data, run a series of financial reports, such as an income statement and balance sheet, to be sure the data is entered and formatted the way you like it. It’s a lot easier to change formatting when the system isn’t chock-full of data. You need to be sure that you’ve entered the right numbers, so verify that the new accounting system’s financial reports match what you created manually. If the numbers are different, now’s the time to figure out why. Otherwise the reports you do at the end of the accounting period will be wrong. If the numbers don’t match, don’t assume the only place an error could be is in the data entered. You may find that the error is in the reports you developed manually. Of course, check your entries first, but if the income statement and balance sheet still don’t look right, double-check your trial balances as well. Read more: http://www. dummies. com/how-to/content/converting-your-manual-bookkeeping-to-a-computeriz. html#ixzz1SMwAbn8q

Egyptian Sculpture Analysis

His Wife, Infer-shames The Statue Group of En-shaft-aka and His Wife, Infer-shames was found in a rock- cut tomb at Dashes and sculpted by an unknown Egyptian artist in 2350 BC. The artist uses all aspects of composition to convey Egyptian dominance. Using a Standard Egyptian Scale, the figures were carved in proportions seen to be ideal by the Egyptians. The sculpture was carved out of limestone. It was richly painted with brightly colored paint. Now, only traces of the paint are visible.This piece is currently n view at The Walter's Art Museum. En-shaft-aka is depicted is his most idealized form?muscular, athletic, youthful, and large in size, all of which evoke a sense of male dominance. His left leg advances forward as he rests his weight on his right leg. This pose creates a sense of depth and movement within the form, however in order to maintain durability, his legs are still fully connected to each other and to their base. The combination of his reddish skin tone, black paint ed eyes, and tightly curled, detailed wig is very typical of Egyptian Art in the Old Kingdom.The close attention to detail indicates how important the figure was and illustrates the skill of the artist. Infer-shames accompanies En-shaft-aka as his wife and inferior. She is not carved with the same attention to detail as her husband was perhaps because she was of less importance. Unlike the wig of her husband, the strands of her hair are not defined. Instead, her hair is merely a block of limestone. Infer-shames proportions are very naturalistic and they reveal the Egyptians ideal proportion of human features. Her waist is very slender while her hands and feet are too large compared o the rest of her body.En-shaft-aka and wife's faces are very similar to each other as well as to other portraits of their time, which confirms they were based off standard Egyptian ideals and were not veracious portraits. The over idealized forms lack character and individuality, thus ridding the piece o f emotion. The figures' rigid poses and lack of physical connection between each other thereby heightens this notion. With legs facing straight ahead, En-shaft-aka and his wife do not touch as they impassively and confidently gaze into the future, evoking a sense of permanence.

Essay on Human Resource Development - 1689 Words

Human Resource Development (HRD) is often seen to be a central feature of SHRM. Discuss the role and importance of HRD in achieving SHRM organizational outcomes. Introduction Learning and development in the context of organizational development is having an essential role in achieving strategic human resourcing outcome. From attraction and retention, to development and utilisation of human capital, Human Resource Development (HRD) is the centre of strategic focus in HRM. This essay aims to present and discuss a strategic model of HRD activities in organisations. Definition of Human Resource Development Human Resource Development (HRD) can be defined as any activity that contributes to the development of people working for an†¦show more content†¦Bradford Bingley has made some major changes which implied on management and staff to deal with the changing environment. Middle and top managers have gone through a rigorous development programme with the aim to transform the way the society operates. The society retained many of the old core values, with new ones to make the operation more flexible. The society calls in specialists to help managers and staff in dealing with the changes. The first phase of the change process, â€Å"People First† programme, was enabled by outside consultants and internal HR professionals to challenge the old ways of thinking and cultivate new ideas. This is an HRD programme to change attitudes and culture and to promote a ‘learning climate’, learning and development becomes part of organisation culture. Middle and senior managers underwent programme to develop their leadership skills within a changing organisation, this enabled senior managers to participate in and promote learning activities. ‘Winning in a New World’ sessions examined the society’s operating environment, aimed to reveal what was essential to be successful in such a competitive market place. This is a development programme to change performance and attitude in line with organisation’s aims and objectives. The third phase of the development programme scrutinised the strengths and weaknesses of individuals and those of their colleagues. ThisShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management : Human Resources Development1748 Words   |  7 PagesHuman resource management entails managing recruitment, planning, and implementing a selection of organizational development training within the business. 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